Japan

Japan (Japanese: 日本, Nippon or Nihon,^{[nb 1]} and formally 日本国)^{[nb 2]} is an island country in East Asia, located in the northwest Pacific Ocean. It is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, and extends from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north toward the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south. Part of the Ring of Fire, Japan spans an archipelago of 6852 islands covering 377,975 square kilometers (145,937 sq mi); the five main islands are Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, and Okinawa. Tokyo is Japan's capitaland largest city; other major cities include Yokohama, Osaka, Nagoya, Sapporo, Fukuoka, Kobe, and Kyoto.

Japan 日本国 (Japanese)   (Nippon-koku or Nihon-koku)
Flag Imperial Seal
Anthem: Kimigayo (君が代, "His Imperial Majesty's Reign")
Government Seal
Japanese territory in dark green; claimed but uncontrolled territory in light green
Capital and largest city	Tokyo 35°41′N 139°46′E
National language	Japanese
Demonym(s)	Japanese
Government	Unitaryparliamentaryconstitutional monarchy
• Emperor	Naruhito
• Prime Minister	Fumio Kishida
Legislature	National Diet
• Upper house	House of Councillors
• Lower house	House of Representatives
Formation
• Imperial Dynasty established	February 11, 660 BC
• Meiji constitution	November 29, 1890
• Current constitution	May 3, 1947
Area
• Total	377,975 km2(145,937 sq mi)[1](62nd)
• Water (%)	1.4 (as of 2015)[2]
Population
• 2021 estimate	125,360,000[3](11th)
• 2020 census	126,226,568[4]
• Density	334/km2(865.1/sq mi) (24th)
GDP (PPP)	2021 estimate
• Total	$5.586 trillion[5](4th)
• Per capita	$44,585 (27th)
GDP (nominal)	2021 estimate
• Total	$5.378 trillion[5](3rd)
• Per capita	$42,928 (23rd)
Gini (2018)	33.4[6] medium · 78th
HDI (2019)	0.919[7] very high · 19th
Currency	Japanese yen (¥)
Time zone	UTC+09:00 (JST)
Driving side	left
Calling code	+81
ISO 3166 code	JP
Internet TLD	.jp